Location of Indonesia means the territory of Indonesia where its being on the earth's surface. By its nature, the location can be divided into two, namely the location of astronomical or geographical location and the absolute or relative position.
a. Astronomical layout (absolute position)
The location can be interpreted as the astronomical location of the region based on latitude and longitude position. Astronomically, the territory of Indonesia is located between 6 ° N - 11 ° S and 95 ° E - 141 ° East. Indonesia is based on the astronomical location:
* Indonesia's northernmost region is located in Pulau Weh (6 ° N latitude.)
* Indonesia's southernmost region is located on the island of Roti (11 ° S latitude.)
* Indonesia's westernmost region located in the town of Sabang (95 ° east.)
* Indonesia's easternmost region is located in the town of Merauke (141 ° east.)
Latitude
Latitude is an imaginary line on a map or globe parallel to the equator. Equator divides the earth into two hemispheres of the northern and southern hemispheres. Equator equator or a line or lines are lines of latitude 0o. Used to divide the latitude climate regions on earth called solar climate. (Pontianak dubbed the "City of the Equator" 0o latitude karenagaris tucked in Pontianak.)
Longitude
Longitude is an imaginary line on a map or globe that connects north and south poles of the earth. Earth is divided into 180 ° east longitude (BT) and 180 ° west longitude (BB). 0o longitude calculation starts from the town of Greenwich near London. Longitude are used to determine the time of an area. (Any difference in longitude 15o 1 hour time difference. Shift towards the east advance, while to the west of the retreat.)
Influence the location of astronomical Indonesia
Indonesia lies the cause tropical latitude. with the following characteristics:
* Have high rainfall,
* Has a large tropical rain forest and has a high economic value,
* Receive the sun shines all year,
* Much evaporation occurs so the humidity is high.
The location of longitude divide the territory of Indonesia into the following three time zones.
* West Indonesia Time (WIB) with a standard line of longitude 105 ° East Regional time includes Sumatra, Java, West Kalimantan and Central Kalimantan.
* Central Indonesia Time (WIB) with a standard line of longitude 120 ° East Region covers the time of South Kalimantan, East Kalimantan, Bali, NTT, NTB, Sulawesi, and the small islands around it.
* Eastern Indonesia Time (CDT), the benchmark 135 ° east longitude. Time region covers Maluku Islands, Papua, and the surrounding small pulaupulau.
b. Geographic Location
Geographical location is defined as the location of an area related to other regions on earth. Geographically. Indonesia lies between the continent of Asia and Australia, as well as between the Indian Ocean and Pacific Oceans. The geographical position of Indonesia Indonesia is thus placed in the position of the cross, so that Indonesia is on a busy trade transport. The impact of cross positions causing Indonesia is rich in cultural diversity and ethnicity.
Blend with the geographical location of astronomical Indonesia raises the following conditions:
A. The sun shines all year long.
2. High evaporation, so the humidity is also high.
3. Has a relatively high rainfall.
4. Has an area of tropical rain forest is quite dense.
5. Has two seasons, rainy and dry season as a result of movement of the monsoon.
Circulation of the Sun's Annual Moot
Artificial circulation of the sun is the sun's apparent motion from the equator to latitudes north of 23 ½ o behind LU, back to the equator and shifted toward the back of latitude 23 ½ ° south latitude to the equator and back again. On March 23, the position of the sun is directly over the equator (0 °), then the sun as if shifted to the north, until on June 21, the sun seems to be somewhat skewed in the North, which is at a turning point North. Movement of the sun as if it kept happening, over time, the sun again shifted to the south, until on 23 September, the sun is back just above the equator, then the sun as if shifted to the south, until on December 22, the sun seemed to if it was a bit skewed in the South, which is at a turning point South. Movement of the sun as if it kept happening, over time, the sun again shifted to the north, until on March 23, the sun is back just above the equator. This condition runs continuously all the time.
Monsoons are therefore wind
a. West monsoon
Blowing each October to March, when the sun's apparent position in the southern hemisphere. This causes the maximum air pressure in Asia and the minimum air pressure in Australia, then a wind from Asia to Australia (high to low pressure). Because these winds through the Indian Ocean, the wind contains a lot of water vapor, so that in October to March rainy season in Indonesia occurred.
b. East monsoon
Blowing from April to September, in which the apparent position of the sun in the northern hemisphere. As a result of low air pressure in Asia and Australia's high air pressure, so the wind blowing from Australia to Asia. The wind through the vast desert in Australia, so it is dry. Therefore, Indonesia was experiencing drought.
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